Daim Ntawv Thov Ntawm Cathodic Protection Technology hauv Offshore Cua Farms

Cathodic tiv thaiv technology (Cathodic Protection, CP) yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv corrosion nyob rau hauv lub offshore cua kev lag luam, feem ntau yog siv los tiv thaiv steel qauv (xws li monopile foundations, tsho qauv, thiab offshore substations) los ntawm electrochemical corrosion nyob rau hauv seawater thiab marine atmospheric ib puag ncig. Vim lub sij hawm ntev - lub sij hawm raug cua ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv mus rau complex corrosive ib puag ncig yam ntxwv los ntawm high salinity, av noo, yoj scouring, thiab cov kab mob, cathodic tiv thaiv technology tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntsuas los xyuas kom meej lawv ntev -lub sij hawm kev nyab xeeb.

Corrosion nyob rau hauv offshore cua chaw feem ntau stems los ntawm cov nram qab no ib puag ncig yam:

• Seawater corrosion: High salinity, yaj oxygen, thiab chloride ions ua kom hlau corrosion.
• Tidal cheeb tsam corrosion: Hloov ntub dej- voj voog qhuav tsim cov pa oxygen concentration sib txawv, ua kom muaj zog hauv cheeb tsam corrosion.
• Marine biofouling: Cov kab mob microorganisms (piv txwv li, sulfate- txo cov kab mob) txhawb kev txhim kho hauv zos.
• Cyclic loading: Dynamic stresses induced los ntawm cua thiab nthwv dej nrawm corrosion qaug zog.

Tej yam corrosion- tej thaj chaw uas yooj yim:

• Monopile foundations: Immersed zone, tidal zone, txaws zone.
• Cov qauv tsho thiab cov khoom hloov pauv: Welded pob qij txha, tubular nodes.
• Offshore substation platforms: steel pawg, lawj txhawb nqa cov qauv.
• Internal pipelines: Cable steel casings, grout kav.

1. Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection (SACP)

Txoj Cai:

• Siv hlau nrog ntau dua electrochemical kev ua si (xws li, txhuas, zinc alloys) ua anodes, uas corrode nyiam los tiv thaiv steel qauv.

Daim ntawv thov:

• Monopile foundations: Anodes welded los yog bolted ncaj qha mus rau pawg nto.
• Jacket tubular nodes: Annular anodes ntsia ib ncig ntawm cov pob qij txha.
• Transition piece grout aav: Anodes embedded nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv grout.

Cov khoom siv anode:

• Aluminium alloy anodes: Kev ua haujlwm siab tam sim no (85% ~ 90%), muaj peev xwm hluav taws xob siab, tsim nyog rau thaj chaw dej hiav txwv.
• Zinc alloy anodes: Kev ruaj ntseg zoo, kev ua haujlwm tam sim no ntawm 90% ~ 95% hauv dej hiav txwv thiab seabed av, haum rau seawater thiab subsea av nkos ib puag ncig.

Kev xav txog kev tsim:

• Xam cov anode kom muaj nuj nqis thiab kev faib tawm raws li cov qauv lifespan (feem ntau 25-30 xyoo).
• Xav txog qhov yuav tsum tau ceev tam sim no (piv txwv li, immersed cheeb tsam: 80 ~ 120 mA / m²; tidal zone: 150 ~ 200 mA / m²; sub- thaj av av: 20 ~ 25 mA / m²).

2. Txaus siab rau tam sim no Cathodic Protection (ICCP)

Txoj Cai:

• Siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab nraud los quab yuam cov dej ntws mus rau cov qauv kev tiv thaiv, inducing cathodic polarization ntawm hlau nto.

Daim ntawv thov:

• Loj offshore substation platforms: Cov cheeb tsam loj thiab kev thov tam sim no.
• Cov qauv tsis yooj yim: Ntau- cov tsho loj lossis cov kab hluav taws xob dynamic.

System Cheebtsam:

• Anodes: Mixed hlau oxide (MMO) anodes, Platinized Niobium Anode, Platinized Titanium Anode.
• Fais fab mov: transformer rectifiers los yog tas li tam sim no rectifiers.
• Siv cov electrodes: Ag/AgCl los yog zinc electrodes rau qhov tiag - lub sij hawm saib xyuas.

Qhov zoo:

• Adjustable tam sim no tso zis kom haum rau dynamic corrosion ib puag ncig.
• Suitable for long-life projects (>30 xyoo) nrog cov nqi kho mob tsawg.

1. Cov txheej txheem muaj peev xwm:

• Kev tiv thaiv ntau yam rau steel qauv: -0.80 V ~ -1.10 V (vs. Ag / AgCl electrode).
• Tsis txhob dhau -kev tiv thaiv (muaj peev xwm hauv qab -1.10 V vs. Ag/AgCl) kom tiv thaiv cov txheej txheej tsis sib xws lossis hydrogen embrittlement.

2. Anode layout thiab installation:

• Monopile foundations: Anodes feem ntau teem ib ncig, tsom rau thaj tsam tidal thiab thaj chaw hauv qab av nkos.
• Jacket structures: Nce anode ceev ntawm tubular pob qij txha thiab welds.
• Dynamic zones: Siv tensioned auxiliary anodes los yog segmented designs kom haum raws li tus qauv deformation.

3. Txheej kev sib koom ua ke:

• CP yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog siab -kev ua tau zoo los tiv thaiv- cov txheej txheem corrosion (xws li epoxy, polyurethane).
• Cathodic tiv thaiv them nyiaj rau cov txheej txheem los yog kev puas tsuaj.

4. Kev saib xyuas thiab tu:

• Kev saib xyuas muaj peev xwm: Los ntawm kev ua ntej - ntsia cov khoom siv hluav taws xob lossis ROV tshuaj xyuas.
• Kev kuaj xyuas anode noj: Kev ntsuas tsis tu ncua ntawm anode residual loj lossis cov zis tam sim no.
• Cov tshuab ntse: IoT-enabled tiag- cov ntaub ntawv xa mus rau cov chaw tswj xyuas onshore.

• Lub teb chaws Yelemees Lub Hiav Txwv Breeze Zog Bard Offshore 1 Cua Farm.
• Shenneng Hainan CZ2 600MW Offshore Cua Fais Fab Kev Ua Haujlwm Ua Haujlwm.
• CGN Shanwei Jiazi II 400MW Offshore Cua Farm ICCP Qhov Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb.
• SPIC Xiangshan 1 # 500MW Offshore Wind Farm Project.
• Tuam Tshoj Peb Gorges Yangjiang Yangxi Shapa 300MW Offshore Cua Fais Fab Project.
• Huadian Fujian Fuqing Haitan Strait 300MW Offshore Cua Project.
• CPI Dafeng H3 # 300MW Offshore Wind Farm Project.

1. Kev sib tw

• Dynamic loading cuam tshuam: Wave-ua rau qaug zog tawg ntawm anode- qauv kev sib txuas.
• Kev sib sib zog nqus- hiav txwv ib puag ncig: Tsis sib xws anode tam sim no faib ntawm qhov tob tshaj 50 meters.
• Tus nqi tswj: cov khoom siv anode tus nqi suav rau 10-15% ntawm tag nrho cov nuj nqis hauv cov cua ua liaj ua teb loj.

2. Innovation cov lus qhia

Novel anode cov ntaub ntawv:

• Nano-composite anodes (piv txwv li, Al-Zn-In-Ti) los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm tam sim no.
• Ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg anodes (tsawg hnyav hlau tawg).

Intelligent systems:

• AI-raws li kev hloov kho lub peev xwm hloov kho thev naus laus zis.
• ROV- pab kev sib koom tes saib xyuas.

Hybrid zog mov:

• Kev koom ua ke ntawm hnub ci thiab cua zog los muab lub zog ntsuab rau ICCP systems.

3. Cov qauv thiab cov kev cai

Cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb:

• TS EN ISO 24656-2022 Cathodic Protection ntawm Offshore Cua Structures
• DNV-RP-B401 Cathodic Protection Design.

Suav cov qauv:

• SY/T10030-2018 "Design Code for Cathodic Protection Systems of Offshore Fixed Platforms".
• NB/T 10626-2021 "Code for Anti-Corrosion Design of Offshore Wind Farm Projects".

Cathodic tiv thaiv thev naus laus zis yog lub hauv paus rau kev ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov qauv cua sab nrauv, yuav tsum muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, marine engineering, thiab kev soj ntsuam cov thev naus laus zis. Raws li kev lag luam nce mus rau cov dej tob thiab muaj peev xwm loj dua, CP systems yuav hais txog kev ua tau zoo dua qub, kev ruaj ntseg ib puag ncig, thiab kev txawj ntse. Kev tsim kho tshiab yav tom ntej hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev tswj hwm digital yuav tsum txo qis cov nqi ntawm lub neej thiab txhawb nqa thoob ntiaj teb kev tsim kho kom ruaj khov ntawm sab ntug dej hiav txwv.